A variety of illnesses can affect goldfish’ swim bladders, which are small sacs in their abdomen. The fish’s buoyancy is maintained by their swim bladder. Any damage to this organ could make it more difficult for them to swim to the top or bottom. You should consult your veterinarian if you think that there may be something wrong with your pet’s health.
Bacterial infection
Infections caused by bacteria can cause a goldfish to lose its swim bladder. He may float, sink, or struggle to stay upright. Cold-water fish such as goldfish can have bacterial disease if the water is not properly maintained. Too cold water, for instance, can cause stress in fish and make them more vulnerable to illness.
Constipation
Constipation causes betta fish bloated belly leading to a reduced ability to maintain buoyancy. Constipation is more common in the more rotund varieties of goldfish, such as lionheads or ryukins. It is possible that constipation may be the root cause of buoyancy issues.
Physical Deformity
A genetic link between some human diseases and buoyancy problems in goldfish can lead to certain species being predisposed. Sylvia Animal Hospital states that the anatomy of fancy goldfish species (including the fantail) is different from the common thin-bodied one and they are more susceptible to abnormal swim bladder function. The treatment of a genetically impaired swimmer bladder is not possible.
Tumor
Tumors are a rare cause of buoyancy in goldfish. Any shift in the density or presence of tumors can cause fish to lose their balance and sink or flounder. Fish can also become unstable if they eat or if their swim bladder is compromised.
Swim Bladder Disease
The swim bladder is more than just the name of an organ. It’s also the common name for a wide variety of diseases that can lead to buoyancy problems. It’s possible to soak your fish in water before he eats. This will allow the food to expand outside his abdomen and reduce the chance of him becoming impaction. If you suspect your fish may already have the disease, give him a fast for a couple days to see if it resolves. You can also give your fish a frozen, skinless, thawed pea to help with impaction. This veggie is believed to dissolve impaction.
